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Scan Tool For Mac Address Linux
Ever wondered how attackers know what ports are open on a system? Or how to find out what services a computer is running without just asking the site admin? You can do all this and more with a handy little tool called Nmap.
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What is Nmap? Short for “network mapper,” nmap is a veritable toolshed of functionality to perform network scans. It can be used for security scans, simply to identify what services a host is running, to “fingerprint” the operating system and applications on a host, the type of firewall a host is using, or to do a quick inventory of a local network. It is, in short, a very good tool to know.
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- OBD Auto Doctor is the advanced OBD-2 software for Windows, Mac and Linux. The software enables you to communicate with your vehicle's On-Board Diagnostic system and turn your computer into a highly capable automotive scanner.
- The purpose of this post is to introduce a user to the nmap command line tool to scan a host and/or network, so to find out the possible vulnerable points in the hosts. #28: Scan a firewall for MAC address spoofing. It is a multi-platform (Linux, Windows, Mac OS X, BSD, etc.) free and open source application which aims to make Nmap easy.
Use the command arp -A on the server and it will report back the IP address assigned to MAC addresses and whether they are dynamic or static. Use the command arp -A > c: Mac.txt to store the results in a text file for import into other programs. MAC Address Scanner remotely scans and finds the MAC Address of all systems on your local network. It allows you to scan either a single host or range of hosts at a time. During the scan, it displays the current status for each host.
It’s famous, too. Once you get to know Nmap a bit, you’ll notice that it makes all types of cameo appearances in movies.
In this tutorial, I’ll cover some of the basics of using Nmap and provide some examples you can use quickly.
Getting Nmap and Basic Use
You’ll find Nmap packaged for most major Linux distros. The most recent release of Nmap came out in early 2010, so the most recent version (5.21) might not be in the current stable releases. You can find the sources and some binaries on the download page.
The basic syntax for Nmap is Nmap Scan TypeOptionstarget. Let’s say you want to scan a host to see what operating system it is running. To do this, run the following:
Note that Nmap requires root privileges to run this type of scan. The scan might take a minute or so to run, so be patient. When it finishes, you’ll see something like this:
As you can see, Nmap provides a lot of data. Here it takes a guess at the operating system that might be running on the system. I ran this particular scan against an Apple Airport Extreme router. As an added bonus, Nmap tells me that the device is one hop away, the MAC address of the device and manufacturer of the NIC, the open ports, and how long the scan took.
Here’s the result of another scan, against a desktop machine running Ubuntu 9.10:
Here we see that the system has an HP NIC (it’s an HP workstation), running the Linux kernel somewhere between Linux 2.6.19 and 2.6.31. You may not be able to get an explicit identification of the operating system down to the version of Linux.
Practice Hosts
In the examples above, I chose a local router and one of my workstations in part because I have the permission to scan them. You can use Nmap to scan virtually any host. However, it’s a bad idea to run many scans against hosts you’re not in control of or don’t have permission to scan. The Nmap folks have a test host at scanme.nmap.org that can be used for testing, so long as you’re not running any tests of exploits or Denial of Service (DoS) attacks.
Some admins don’t appreciate unexpected scans, so use best judgment and restrict scans to hosts that are on your own network or that you have permission to scan. It may also be against your ISP’s terms of service to use some of Nmap’s more aggressive scan features, so be careful out there!
Multiple Hosts
You can scan more than one host at a time using nmap. If you’re using IP addresses, you can specify a range like 10.0.0.1-6 or a range like 10.0.0.0/24. The 10.0.0.1-6 would scan hosts 10.0.0.1, 10.0.0.2, 10.0.0.3 through 10.0.0.6. Using the /24 notation would scan the whole range of hosts from 10.0.0.0 to 10.0.0.255. For example, to scan 10.0.0.1 through 10.0.0.42 to learn what OS they might be running I’d use nmap -O 10.0.0.1-42.
If you have hostnames instead of IP addresses, you can separate them with a space on the command line, like so:
Checking Open Ports
If you give Nmap no options at all and just point it at a given host it will scan for open ports and report back those that are open, and what service is running on them. For instance, running nmap target.hostname.com might yield something like this:
Here you can see that there are three ports open: 22, 80, and 3306 which run SSH, HTTP, and MySQL respectively. Nmap recognizes six states: open, closed, filtered, unfiltered, open filtered, and closed filtered. These are mostly self-explanatory. See the Nmap docs for more on these states. If Nmap can tell what service is running, it will report it under the SERVICE column.
If you’d like a little more information, crank it up a notch by adding one or two -v options to the command. For example, using nmap -vv host.target.com would produce something like this:
Nmap provides a lot more information when using the verbose (-v) option.
Service Scans
If you’re really curious about what services a host might be running, try the -sV options. This will do a more aggressive scan to try to figure out what versions of services are running on a given host, and also might help determine more specifically what OS a host is running. For instance, I ran nmap -sV against a test server and got this in response:
Starting Nmap 5.21 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2010-02-28 00:15 EST
As you can see, Nmap can “fingerprint” the packets and identify the versions of the software running on the SSH and HTTP ports. Here you can see that the system being pinged is a Ubuntu box with Apache 2.2.8 and OpenSSH 4.7p1. This can be useful for a number of reasons. A quick Nmap scan can identify systems that are running unpatched systems and therefore ones that might be vulnerable to known exploits.
What’s on My Network?
Not quite sure what might be running on your network? Try using nmap -sP, which will run a ping scan on the specified network. For instance, nmap -sP 10.0.0.0/24 will scan the 256 hosts from 10.0.0.0 through 10.0.0.255 to see if they’re available, and report back. You can also use a range, such as nmap -sP 10.0.0.1-15.
Zenmap
Finally, if all this command line fun is not your bag, Nmap has a GUI that you can use to build and execute commands. Called Zenmap, the GUI will let you specify targets, run scans, display the results and even save and compare them against one another.
When you open Zenmap, you can give it a target to scan and select one of the profile scans to get started. It includes your basic ping scan, quick scans, some more intense scans that include UDP services, and so forth. The Zenmap GUI is a good way to get acquainted with Nmap, but it’s also a good idea to know how to use Nmap from the command line if you’re going to be working with it often.
In a future tutorial we’ll take a more in-depth look at Nmap and specific tasks you might want to do with Nmap. I hope this overview gave a good sense what Nmap can do and helps you get started working with Nmap.
Purpose of the ARP Scan tool
This tool uses ARP packets to discover all active devices in an IPv4 range (usually a subnet) even if protected by a firewall designed to hide the presence of the device. Whether you are using ethernet or WIFI, the IPv4 devices on your LAN must respond to ARP or they cannot communicate. This is a MAC Address Scanner.About the ARP Scan Tool
The ARP Scan Tool (AKA ARP Sweep or MAC Scanner) is a very fast ARP packet scanner that shows every active IPv4 device on your subnet. Since ARP is non-routable, this type of scanner only works on the local LAN (local subnet or network segment).
The ARP Scan Tool shows all active devices even if they have firewalls. Devices cannot hide from ARP packets like they can hide from Ping. To find active IP addresses outside your subnet, use the Ping Scan Tool (a Ping Sweep tool - NetScanner).
Related Tool Links
- Packet Generator - has an ARP/RARP packet generating mode.